conjunctivitis: inflammation of the conjunctiva also known as pink eye. it's the thin, transparent protective mucous membrane in the eye. the causes of conjunctivitis can be infectious or non-infectious. it can be bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infections. or allergies and eye irritation for non-infectious reasons. viral conjunctivitis is the most common cause for acute. it is accompanied by a sore throat, cough and a runny nose. bacterial is the second most common cause. it has yellow pus discharge from the eyes. it can affect one or both eyes at the same time. it is contagious until antibiotic has been used for 24-48hrs. the treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis can be antibiotic eye drops or ointments such as trimethoprim-polymyxin B solution (Polytrim) and erythromycin ointment. for allergic/chemical treatment we have non-pharmacological such as cool compresses and Rx drugs like antihistamines ketotifen and olopatadine or mast cell stabilizers like nedocromil and lodoxamide. keratitis is the inflammation of the cornea which is the most outer layer protecting the eye. it can also be infectious and non-infectious. the treatment can be antibiotic/viral drops, steroid drops which decrease inflammation and limit scarring as well as products for dry eyes. glaucoma: is a group of eye diseases. progressive damage to the optic nerve. increased intraocular pressure (IOP) causes compression damage to the optic nerve and may result in vision loss and blindness. there is open angle which is the most common type and a leading cause of blindness. it is painless and gradual damage, the peripheral vision gradually decreases. and closed angle which is an acute medical emergency, sudden pressure increases, pain, redness, blurred vision, seeing halos and coloured rings around lights. decreased IOP by decreased aqueous humor formation or increased aqueous humor outflow. cataracts: cloudy or opaque area in the clear lens of the eyes. protein in the lends breaks down and causes blurred vision. depending on the size and location, it can interfere with vision. ophthalmic anti-inflammatories corticosteroids (SAIDs) suppress inflammatory response in the eyes. it's for allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis and post-op inflammation. 2-3 weeks. low potency is flurometholone (FML) suspension and loteprednol (Alrex) (Lotemax) suspension. high potency is dexamethasone (Maxidex) suspension and ointment. difluprednate (Durezol) emulsion, prednisolone acetate (Pred Forte) suspension. prednisolone sodium phosphate minims.